Since the origin of the Third World project, marked by the Bandung Conference in 1955 and the establishment of the Non-Aligned Movement in Belgrade in 1961, South-South cooperation has been one of the key principles. South-South cooperation was a response to the economic structures of the world-system, at that time in transition to a neocolonial world-system directed by the United States, which promoted the underdevelopment of the South and the development of the North. The prevailing economic pattern involved the production of raw materials in the countries of the South for exportation to the North, on a foundation of coerced labor, with profits flowing to the transnational corporations of the North. The South was compelled to purchase the manufactured goods of the North, at unequal and consistently declining rates of exchange, due to inequalities in the costs of labor and in available technologies.
Theoretically, the best solution would have been North-South cooperation, in which the…