English colonialism in Ireland, 1155 to 1922

The general patterns of modern colonialism prevail

     I write today of English colonialism in Ireland from 1155 to 1922.  The commentary is based on a book by Robbie McVeigh and Bill Rolston, Ireland, Colonialism, and the Unfinished Revolution, published by Haymarket Books in 2023.  The book was originally published in 2021 by Beyond the Pale Books, Belfast, Northern Ireland.

The conquest and colonization of Ireland, 1155 to 1800

     A papal Bull emitted in 1155 by Pope Adrian IV authorized English interference in Ireland.  Beginning in 1169, the English invaded Ireland, giving rise to the declaration of King Henry II of England as the Lord Protector of Ireland.  The Treaty of Windsor in 1175 recognized Henry as the overlord of the conquered regions, with the Irish High King Ruaidrí Ua Conchobair named as overlord of the rest of Ireland.

     Anglo-Norman lords continued to invade the lands of Ireland that were outside the agreed upon territory, rendering the 1175 Treaty obsolete.  In 1177, King Henry declared his son to …