Many years ago, in the context of the awakening of consciousness in the United States from 1966 to 1972, stimulated by the black power movement and the student anti-war movement, I became aware that perceptions of truth and right are shaped by social and cultural context. Investigating the philosophical implications of this fact, I ultimately arrived to understand that understandings that transcend one’s social starting point can be attained through sustained cross-horizon encounter or cross-civilizational dialogue, in which commitment to truth is the highest desire. In the practice of this epistemological method, I came to appreciate that one must begin by seeking to understand how people of other horizons and civilizations define themselves; and only on this foundation can the intellectual and moral defects of the other be criticized.
The emergence of China as a world power has provoked debate and commentary in the United States, which often has included an unsubstantiate…